In Sierra Leone, a 20-minute power cut can be the difference between life and death for newborn babies.
In 2013, an extraordinary doctor called Dr Niall Conroy set up a neonatal intensive care unit at the Bo Government Hospital, in Sierra Leone's second largest city, and set about training the staff to give the best possible care to the desperately vulnerable babies who were admitted. But there was one problem he couldn't solve: electricity.
Babies need warmth, and that means electrically powered incubators, and they need oxygen, which means oxygen separators, and the nurses need light in order to work. However in Sierra Leone, there are power cuts almost daily. They can be a few minutes, they can be hours, or they can last days.
In 2017, Michael Liebreich heard about this problem and put together a group of friends and supporters to create Project Bo. Since then, the neonatal intensive care unit has had a solar system and batteries installed, and hundreds of babies’ lives have been saved due to a reliable electricity supply.
Eight years on, Michael visits Project Bo for the first time to see how the system is performing, meet the medical professionals working there, and find out if there's anything else that we can do to improve it.
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Credits:
Michael Liebreich
Hello, I'm Michael Liebreich, and this is Cleaning Up. I'm here in Sierra Leone on my way to the second biggest city, which is called Bo. Sierra Leone is one of the poorest countries in the world and has one of the worst infant mortality rates. In 2013, an extraordinary doctor called Dr Niall Conroy set up a neonatal intensive care unit at the Bo Government Hospital, and then set about training the staff to give the best possible care to these desperately vulnerable babies. But there was one problem he couldn't solve, and that was electricity. Babies need warmth, and that means electrically powered incubators, and they need oxygen, and that means oxygen separators, and the nurses need light in order to work. The difference between life and death could be a reliable power supply, but there are power cuts almost daily, and they can be a few minutes, they can be hours, or they can last days. I heard about this problem in 2017, and I put together a group of friends and supporters. We created something we called Project Bo and committed to Niall that we would do everything we could to help. Since then, the neonatal intensive care unit has had a solar system and batteries, and we know that lives have been saved. Eight years later, however, I've still never visited Project Bo. I'm on my way there today.We're going to see how the system is performing, and if there's anything else that we can do to improve it.
ML
Niall, welcome to Cleaning Up. Thank you so much for taking time during one of your regular visits here to Bo to talk to us.
Dr Niall Conroy
No thank you, it's my pleasure.
ML
We are here on the campus of the government hospital at Bo, and we're in front of a very important building we might talk about later, which is a splendid mothers dormitory for mothers who've just given birth and whose babies are in the special care baby unit that we're here to talk about. But let's start where we always start. Can you just say who you are, what you do in your usual life when you're not visiting Bo?
NC
Normally, in my day job, I don't work with newborns, particularly. So I'm a consultant in public health and health protection medicine back in Ireland. So really, what I do for a living is that I manage and try to prevent outbreaks of infectious diseases in Ireland.
ML
But now young Niall, at some point, decided to come to Bo. Where did that thought come from?
NC
Well, I mean, it wasn't a conscious decision to come to Bo. At the time I was a junior doctor, I loved working in pediatrics, and I wanted to do the same, I suppose, in a setting where I thought there were more vulnerable people, people who could use the training I'd had. So I applied to the various different agencies, and I remember one day opening an email saying, 'would you like to come to this place called Bo Government Hospital.' It was in Sierra Leone, which I had to look up on a map at the time.
ML
Describe what you found and what did neonatal care look like at that point?
NC
Even talking about neonatal care in that context back then is inaccurate, because it didn't exist. What you would have is you had this labour ward completely on the other side of the hospital campus. And if you wanted to bring a child who was born very sick, you had to get them across the hospital campus, for starters which, in the rainy season, absolute typhoon conditions.
ML
Because of course, here today is the dry season. It looks fantastic. Who wouldn't want a little walk outside? This could be torrential rain and, of course, mud everywhere, and goodness knows what.
NC
I have carried countless numbers of tiny babies wrapped up, with wind, rain, lightning, absolutely catastrophic conditions over to the other side of the hospital. And you're bringing them to a ward that's full of infectious diseases. It's full of kids with diarrhea and pneumonia, hacking coughs, and runny noses. It's not in any way, what you would call neonatal care.
ML
For those who don't necessarily know all the terminology, neonatal is up to 28 days, and some of them could be premature babies. They could be severely underweight, they could be really tiny, tiny babies, and you're taking them into possibly the worst environment they could be in.
NC
Absolutely. I mean, regardless of the situation, if you're a newborn baby requiring acute hospitalization, the last thing you want on top of that is another infection.
ML
When Dr Conroy arrived in Sierra Leone in 2013, the infant mortality rate was a shocking 50 deaths per 1,000 births, and there was little access to neonatal care across the country. Dr Conroy managed to persuade the Bo Government Hospital to give him a small room that could be used just for the sickest newborn babies, and slowly, care began to improve. But it wasn't straightforward. Ebola hit Sierra Leone in 2014, killing almost 4,000 people and highlighting the fragile state of the country's healthcare system. As the ministry for health began to rebuild the health care system, one of the people it turned to was Dr Conroy. With the support of UNICEF, he was finally allowed to set up a dedicated neonatal unit in Bo. It opened in 2017 and though it's still small, it now treats up to 140 babies a month. At the hospital, we met nurse Columbia, who had worked there from those early days, and she showed us around the unit.
Nurse Columbia
These are the babies in inborn.
ML
How many have you got at the moment here?
Nurse Columbia
Presently, we have eight babies in the inborn section.
ML
Eight babies, and some of them are getting warmth, is that right? And some of them are getting oxygen?
Nurse Columbia
Yes, presently, as you can see, most of the critical babies have improved. Whenever they have improved, we put them on the cots. So when you see them on the cot, you know presently that they are on feeding. And when you see them on the couch, because when babies are on the couch, they need attention. So when you see them on the couch, you notice that they need attention. As you can see, this baby is still on oxygen. When the baby's on oxygen, we put them on the couch, because when they're on the couch, they need close monitoring.
ML
So this baby is on oxygen right now. That's the oxygen concentrator. And it looks like none of these babies at the moment are on warmth? But it's the middle of the day, they probably don't need it at the moment. And so this one was very premature, very little baby, by the looks of it?
Nurse Columbia
So that's why we keep them warm by giving them caps and socks.
ML
Once the unit was established, Dr Conroy began to train a team of nurses. From UNICEF, they received oxygen units and baby warmers to help nurse the babies back to health. Things were improving: More babies were coming to the ward, and more were leaving healthy. But eventually, Dr Conroy and his new team hit an obstacle they simply couldn't fix.
NC
We got to the point where we just couldn't improve things, and the rate limiting factor was electricity. Sometimes, I think probably outside of the context of West Africa, it's difficult to describe how poor the electrical system is. The grid will prioritize the hospital, but pretty much every day, you will have several prolonged power cuts. And when you're looking at these kids — neonates aren't all that complex in terms of what they die from. And they die because they're cold, and they need oxygen, and they deteriorate quickly, and nobody sees them. Even in these 30 degree conditions, a small baby will get cold and die of the cold very quickly. So we needed overhead heaters. We would do that, get the baby warm, it would turn off for hours. You need oxygen. And I mean, no one needs me to tell them that if a tiny baby needs oxygen and they're struggling to breathe, and that gets turned off for a few hours... And then there's simple things like light. You know, if it's three o'clock in the morning and it's pitch black and the baby starts to look a bit blue or pale, you need the nurse to be able to respond quickly. They've no electricity at home, so their phone is dead. They can't even use the phone light. I mean, you'd be talking pitch black. In Ireland or the UK, we talk about these simple interventions, and they're really simple in Ireland. Here they're not, because the electricity supply is so complicated.
ML
Head nurse Juliana helped Dr Conroy set up the new dedicated neonatal unit back in 2017. Bo Government Hospital is connected to the national grid, so the new unit did have some access to electricity, but it was plagued with power cuts that could last anything from a few hours to days at a time.
Nurse Juliana
Electricity was a big problem. During the day, you'd probably have electricity for two hours or four hours, and the rest it was in the dark. And you know, to care for the babies, you need power to turn on oxygen, warmers, incubators, you name it — even to charge the monitors.
ML
They need power, even for light?
Nurse Juliana
Sure, even for light. And we never had that power to take care of them. It was so terrible, I can tell you. There was no provision for light. We struggled with the water system and a whole lot of things. Doctor Niall used to be with us in the unit, bagging the babies just to help them breathe. We have gone through all that with him, so he knows our problems.
ML
Whenever the power cut out, the machines supporting the babies would turn off, and the nurses could find themselves working in the dark, in the middle of the night, trying desperately to keep the sick babies alive. Dr Conroy had approached the Sierra Leonean grid operator, EDSA, to try to get a more stable electricity supply, but they simply couldn't help. The hospital had also tried to use diesel generators, but the fuel supply kept getting stolen or was simply unaffordable. Eventually, in November 2017, things came to a head.
ML
2017. Tell us what happened.
NC
Yeah, I mean, okay, so the electrical problem was one I just couldn't control. And I remember, what was very stressful was I would constantly have babies who we would look after, and you'd get them stabilized, and then the power would turn off. And, I mean, it's no exaggeration to say, you would just look around the ward and see the baby's eyes closing, and they would just die. And I remember one day going back to the guest house that I was staying in, and I had spent the entire day looking after these three pretty sick babies, and we'd got them stabilized to the extent that the way they were now — with their antibiotics, their fluids, their oxygen, the heat — with all that going there would be no good reason for them to die. And so I remember getting home late that night. I just think right, I'll get a few hours sleep and then go back in the morning, and see how they're getting on. So I got four or five hours of sleep, got up early the next morning and went in. And I always remember walking into that ward and just seeing this empty couch and life sort of going on as normal. And I said to the nurses, 'what happened?' They said, 'Oh, the power turned off overnight, so the babies all died.' And this had happened a lot, but I remember on this occasion, I think it was the cumulative effect. And, you know, I was out here on my own, my family were all back in Ireland. I remember going back to the guest house and rage tweeting, putting a photograph of this empty couch up and saying, 'Look, this just has to change.'
ML
I was in a taxi on my way to a climate dinner when Dr Conroy's plea popped up on my Twitter timeline. It hit me like a punch in the guts. I made contact with Dr Conroy and committed that as long as he could sort out the logistics in Sierra Leone, I would raise the money and build a solar and battery system. My next call was to Richenda Van Leeuwen, a friend from Sustainable Energy For All, who created and ran a network of organizations building clean energy solutions across the Global South. Richenda came on board, and together we crowd funded over £100,000 from the clean energy and climate community. That first system went live in 2018, and it was certainly a huge improvement. For some reason, however, its lead-gel batteries quickly degraded.And between a lack of maintenance, COVID-19 and some opportunistic thieves, the system stopped working completely. We were back to square one. The turning point came when I was put in contact with the Eki Foundation, who manage solar projects in a number of Sub-Saharan countries. They rebuilt the system, replaced the batteries, rewired it, added more panels, and set up remote monitoring. The system now has 92 panels connected to five lithium ion battery banks, which can store up to 77-kilowatt hours of electricity. And the neonatal unit has power 98% of the time. Any time the grid cuts out, the system switches automatically to the solar and battery supply so power is not interrupted. The nurses can keep on working, and babies' lives can keep on being saved. At the hospital, I met Mohammed, the solar engineer who oversaw installation and maintains the system on behalf of the Eki Foundation.
Mohammed Kargbo
The panels we have here, the one you see in front here, and also the additional panels, the two lines over there on the roof there. These are the added panels. With the support of these panels, the system works properly,
ML
So that provides enough power. So then the electricity from these panels goes into...
Mohammed Kargbo
Our engine room.
ML
That little house there, right?
Mohammed Kargbo
Yes, yes. From the solar panels, we send the wires through the ground and then inside the engine room here.
ML
And when you call it the engine room, it's not an engine, what is in there?
Mohammed Kargbo
There are batteries, inverters, charge controllers, in and out, AC boxes and DC combiners.
ML
So that's where it goes from the DC, direct current, to AC (alternating current). It also sends messages to my phone, right, because I can check the status of this system, and that's all in there, right?
Mohammed Kargbo
Yes, that is very key in any installation so that we know that this installation is working properly. The most important thing is to put it online, because you won't always be at that particular site, you have to do other jobs for other people. But if you have the connection with your phone, from time to time, you check through your phone, you are able to know what is happening on site. In a situation where a solar panel has problems or a break, you are able to see everything from your phone. So that will tell you that, 'oh, I need to go to this site, something happened.'
ML
You call that the engine room, I call it the battery room. Should we go and have a look inside? So what have we got here?
Mohammed Kargbo
This is our battery room, and we have five batteries of 15.4 kilowatts. So this battery can serve the hospital for a long time when they use all the appliances without problems, as long as they're able to reach the state of charge of 100%.
ML
So if it starts from 100% it's got — I'm calculating — 75 kilowatt hours? So it's kind of like one big electric car. It's not the biggest, but pretty big, and it can get through a whole day if it starts from 100%?
Mohammed Kargbo
If it starts at 100%, it will serve the whole day and the whole night.
ML
The whole day and the whole night. Suppose the grid goes down, and you run the ward for a day and a night, and it gets really close to empty, and then the sun comes up and it starts charging them, have we got enough solar to get back to 100% in one day?
Mohammed Kargbo
It depends on the weather. Sometimes it's possible. Sometimes it's not, depending on the kind of weather for the day. There are times when we have cloudy days. So if the system has run down, it's difficult to reach 100%, because they are using it. But if they are not using it, it will fully charge to 100%.
ML
So if the grid comes back, then we're fine, but if it doesn't, then we may not have enough solar.
Mohammed Kargbo
Absolutely, if we are fortunate to have more batteries and panels it would stand us in advantage. It is good to have more storage in a situation like today. When we came here, the battery was fully charged. Imagine, if we have more storage, we can make use of this energy that we are losing.
ML
So right now, it's sunny and we are wasting electricity.
Mohammed Kargbo
We are wasting a lot. We are wasting a lot.
ML
This small cluster of panels, paired with batteries, is now powering the machines that are saving babies lives. To me, this is the obvious solution to the electricity supply problem in hospitals in countries like Sierra Leone. A system like this does have a relatively high upfront installation cost, but once installed, the electricity is extremely reliable, and there's no more call on the hospital's budget. Even so, I still get asked, why not just use a diesel generator? And that's a question that I wanted to ask Head Nurse Juliana.
ML
Some people say to me, Michael, you're wasting your time with the solar, just give them generators, and the diesel will be cheaper. What's it like when you have to use a generator?
Nurse Juliana
Oh, I can tell you, it was a difficult period. Because when we had a generator, to fuel the generator is a big challenge, because the hospital does not have that amount of money to fuel it 24 hours around the clock. There was this time that there was no fuel for the generator, and there were a lot of babies in the unit. And all the nurses, we were just bagging the babies to survive, to breathe.
ML
Helping them to breathe?
Nurse Juliana
Yeah, and so the families were outside and were asking, 'What can we do? Oh, our babies are dying. What can we do?' So the nurses had to say, 'we need to turn on the generator, and there is no fuel in the generator to give power. Because when we have power, then we can turn on the oxygen to help the babies to breathe.' So the families themselves put money together. They ran to town, they bought the fuel, they put it in the generator and the lit up the unit. But during that time we lost two babies that very night. That was so terrible for us.
ML
So if anybody says to me, 'the answer is just a diesel generator, and the problem goes away,' I'm going to tell them to come and talk to you.
Nurse Juliana
We are not crying for a generator because we can't support the fuel.
ML
You need a proper system that works.
Nurse Juliana
Of course! That's just the solar system. That's just the solar system, because I have nothing to give to the solar to give me light. The sunrise will give power to us.
ML
I'll be honest, our solar system is not yet perfect. There are still a couple of power cuts each month during particularly long grid outages, which we need to fix. We also discovered that a second system has been installed, apparently by UNICEF, just outside the neonatal unit. People at the hospital think it's feeding into our system, but upon closer inspection, we could see that it wasn't actually connected, a mystery we've yet to solve. Our goal is for the neonatal ward to experience absolutely no power cuts. These babies are so vulnerable that a loss of power as short as 20 minutes could result in their death.
ML
We are down to two power cuts a month. I'm still not happy with it, but the devil is absolutely in the detail. How we're going to fix those particular problems that it's still got.
Niall Conroy
I love that, actually, because it's very easy for me to think this is unbelievable, because my baseline was hours and sometimes days of no electricity. Walking in now, and you know, I've said this to you on this trip, that you can walk into that unit at any given time now and you can see a baby, two babies, three babies, maybe, who literally would not be alive were it not for the oxygen that's now reliably coming into their nasal cannula. The tiny baby who wouldn't be alive because their mother is too sick to give them skin to skin care — there's no other relatives around, and they're under a warmer, the baby who the nurses managed to resuscitate at 3am because the lights were on and they were able to see that the baby wasn't looking very well. And for me, almost looking at that, you'd almost say, job done. And I'm so glad you have that enthusiasm, because it's contagious. And now I'm starting to think, 'oh yeah, two power cuts a month, we can't have that.'
ML
At the hospital, I met Lucia Suni, who had given birth to her baby, Eddie, just over a month before. Eddie hadn't been breathing when he was born, and then got an infection, so he'd spent two weeks in the neonatal unit.
ML
First of all, could you introduce yourself?
Lucia Suni
My name is Lucia Suni.
ML
And who is this?
Lucia Suni
It's Eddie, it's my son.
ML
You son. Now, Eddie was born here in the Bo Government Hospital?
Lucia Suni
Yes, sir. He was born in Government Hospital.
ML
How old is Eddie?
Lucia Suni
One month, one week.
ML
When he was born, he was not very well. What was the problem?
Lucia Suni
He was tiny. And he didn't cry when I delivered him. That's why they admitted him.
ML
So he was limp? He was not...
Lucia Suni
He didn't cry, he wasn't breathing.
ML
The baby didn't cry. Okay, so Eddie was on the unit. Did he get oxygen?
Lucia Suni
Yes he needed it, he had an oxygen tube and the light.
ML
Oh, so he had jaundice as well, so he was yellow, and he needed the blue light for the jaundice. How long did he have the oxygen?
Lucia Suni
For two weeks.
ML
Two weeks of oxygen. And do you remember, were there any power cuts when you were there?
Lucia Suni
No, for the sake of this solar, there were no power cuts.
ML
Because there are still a few. We know there are still a few, but not while Eddie was there?
Lucia Suni
Yeah.
ML
We met other mothers, one of whom was herself a nurse at the hospital, and all of them echoed Lucia's words. Without solar power, the unit and the medical staff might not have been able to save their babies' lives.
Nurse Sia
Just after birth, because it was a CS (cesarean section), and the baby needed oxygen, so they connected my baby to O2. So I'm very, very thankful, because without the oxygen, perhaps I would have lost my baby. But with the help of you, God and the solar, I have my baby now. Beautiful, beautiful baby girl, look at her over there.
ML
The staff in Bo work under some of the most difficult conditions imaginable. At the hospital, we learned that they'd had no running water for almost two years because the hospital's pump had broken. And, until recently, mothers who had just given birth, some by C-section, had to sleep out on the concrete floor, vulnerable to the weather, to the dogs and the thieves, to be on hand to breastfeed their babies. Solving the electricity supply is just the start, but it's an important start. Reliable electricity is the enabler that allows these remarkable doctors and nurses to do the jobs for which they've been trained.
ML
We've got to say also, that's an amazing team you've got in there, and it's not just putting in the electricity and switching the lights and the warmers on and it'll sort itself out. You've done an incredible job on the medical side as well, getting people up to speed.
NC
It has surpassed all my wildest expectations, and they really embraced it. The nurses, while it must be so easy to become desensitized to the suffering and the death, they honestly put their heart and soul into caring for absolutely every baby. And so what you've got now on the ward is a mixture of really, really solid technical skills amongst the nurses, and real compassion amongst the nursing leadership. And I think it's really important that the electricity is letting these guys do their job. It's not a replacement, it's an enabler, it's a facilitator. And those guys, I think, for the first time in their whole careers, have been able to do the job unencumbered by random power cuts, and it's just fantastic to watch.
ML
If we try and put some numbers on it, it's very difficult to do. The data is patchy, and the admission rates have been all over the place. But if you've got 100 babies per month, how many of those do you think might have died had they not been through that unit?
NC
It's very difficult to know. I think ultimately, I remember seeing so many babies who just need UK style, high-level treatments that they're just never going to get here. So there's always that proportion. And actually, we've seen over the years fairly continuously through the different iterations of this unit, about 10 deaths per month, right? So there's always been, no matter what we've done, 10 babies will die every month. But the difference is whether that's 10 babies out of 20 or, as we're seeing now, 10 babies out of 100.
ML
This is one of the most crucial points of this project. Demand has exploded as the neonatal unit has become more reliable, and trust in it has grown. When Niall first arrived in Bo in 2013, he was seeing fewer than 10 babies per month. When the ward was established in 2017, that figure rose to 60 babies per month, and when the solar was first installed, it increased again to 100 babies per month. In 2025, the ward sees up to 140 babies each month. All the while, the quality of the care has improved, and the death rate has fallen to around 10%. The big question for me is what was happening to all the sick babies before they were brought to the ward?
ML
So the missing 90 babies, a very high proportion of them might have been dying? We don't know.
NC
We don't know this for absolute certainty, in the way that you could stand up at a conference and say, 'here's the absolute numbers.' But, I mean, you've been in there, there's no babies in there who you might think, 'Oh, he might be fine at home.'
ML
No, they're all, even to this layman, they are sick.
NC
Right, so what was happening to them, to my mind and to the mind of the staff in there, they were dying at home.
ML
So it could be 10s of babies per month that are being saved, which is hundreds of babies per year being saved by something as simple as a properly designed and maintained solar mini-grid, as simple and as impactful as that.
NC
As we speak now, that unit is what, 20 feet away from us? There are babies in there who, I can absolutely guarantee you, are alive this second because of that solar power system. And I can say that without any hesitation. That is the case. That is true.
ML
Just finally, the Boe Conroy dormitory, which you pushed for and in fact, even funded, when does that get used? And how's that going to make you feel?
NC
Oh, that's just, I honestly cried with happiness when that thing was built. You know, when we opened this unit, the unintended consequence was that we suddenly had all these mothers from around the district bringing their babies here, but there was nowhere for them to sleep. They used to just lie all day on the concrete outside in the crazy rainy season, just being drenched, because there was nowhere to stay. Overnight, you know, they’d just had a C-section two or three days ago.
ML
And who's this?
Fatima Baka
Adeline Baka.
ML
Adeline, why did she end up in the special care baby unit?
Fatima Baka
I was seven months pregnant when I had some problems with my pregnancy.
ML
And so she was very premature, and so presumably, very, very little?
Fatima Baka
0.9 kg when I gave birth. So small!
ML
0.9kg? So she was in the special care baby unit for how long?
Fatima Baka
Two months, two weeks.
ML
Two months, two weeks. And did you stay here at the hospital?
Fatima Baka
Yeah.
ML
Where did you stay? Where did you sleep?
Fatima Baka
Outside here. Along the corridor. We spread mats out to sleep.
ML
It's hard to imagine.
NC
So the Boe Conroy mother's dormitory has been about four or five years in the making. And now these mothers will be safe from the weather, from thieves overnight, from the dogs. It's just phenomenal. And it should be such a basic right that a mother who has a small child in a neonatal unit should be able to go in and sleep in a bed in a sheltered accommodation block overnight. So I'm just unbelievably happy that it's up and running. And so between the solar power and the accommodation for the mothers, we're at a place where I honestly never thought we would be.
ML
It's great talking to you, and it's great talking to you here in Bo. And I do feel it's a journey, but we've definitely made some great progress, and it's incredibly heartwarming. Thank you for everything you do.
NC
No, thank you.
ML
My producer, Oscar, and I filmed that report in early February. I won't lie, the trip was an emotional roller coaster for both of us. There were some incredible highs, watching babies being cared for in the unit by the amazing staff, meeting some of the mothers and toddlers whose lives had been saved, and there were some awful lows, seeing the empty incubator of a baby that had not survived the night, or hearing the screams of anguish of a first time mother told that her Beautiful three day old baby had just passed away. What is clear is that the unit is saving hundreds of lives per year. The backdrop here, of course, is the reduction of aid budgets in the UK and other European countries to make way for other priorities, and, of course, the destruction of USAID by Elon Musk and the Trump administration. Whatever happens, I will continue to work with a neonatal unit in Bo. Our system still suffers from around two power cuts per month. I can see from the remote monitoring that we need to add more batteries. There are single points of potential failure. So I also want to see if we can split the system and create redundancy and resilience. We need to improve physical security. I worry that even an attempt at stealing some equipment could bring the system down for an extended period. And we also need to plan for increased demand. Dr Conroy thinks the number of potential admissions might stabilize at around 200 per month, compared to around 140 today. So we'll need to increase the size of the solar system by adding more panels, and we need to improve the facilities for nurses, breast feeding mothers and babies. The unit is incredibly cramped today, and it doesn't even have running water.. If you want to support him and Support Project Bo, we would love to hear from you. We've put a link in the show notes to a fundraising page. There is almost no limit to the amount Dr Conroy and the hospital could use, but we're starting with a figure of $100,000. I'm incredibly grateful to Gina Domanig and her colleagues at Emerald Technology Ventures, who have made a number of meaningful donations from the profits of the European venture fair. There are lots of other organizations around the world dedicated to energy access and to electrification of medical services. We've also put links in the show notes to some of their websites. We're not endorsing them, but many are doing excellent work.And there we are. I hope you've enjoyed this very special episode of cleaning up. Please hit like or subscribe and pass it on to your friends, family and colleagues. Do let us know what you think in the comments or on social media. As always, I want to thank the team behind cleaning up, in particular, producer, cameraman, sound engineer and traveling buddy, Oscar Boyd and my executive assistant operations director and trip organizer, Joe Jagger, and that brings to an end season 14. Please join us after Easter on Wednesday the 23rd of April for the first episode of season 15 of Cleaning Up.